Thailand Demographics Population Religion Percentage 2019

Thailand's successful government-sponsored family planning program has resulted in a decline in population growth from 3.1 percent in 1960 to around 0.4 percent in 2015.[citation needed] The World Bank forecasts a contraction of the working-age population of about 10 percent between 2010 and 2040.:4,6 In 1970, an average of 5.7 people lived in a Thai household.

At the time of the 2010 census, the figure was down to 3.2. Even though Thailand has one of the better social security systems in Asia, the increasing population of elderly people is a challenge for the country.

Life expectancy has risen, a reflection of Thailand's efforts to implement effective public health policies. The Thai AIDS epidemic had a major impact on the Thai population. Today, over 700,000 Thai are HIV or AIDS positive, approximately two percent of adult men and 1.5 percent of adult women.

Thailand demographics Population by Religion

Religion in Thailand is varied. There is no official state religion in the Thai constitution, which guarantees religious freedom for all Thai citizens, though the king is required by law to be Theravada Buddhist. The main religion practiced in Thailand is Buddhism, but there is a strong undercurrent of Hinduism with its distinct priestly class. The large Thai Chinese population also practices Chinese folk religions, including Taoism. The Yiguandao (Thai: Anuttharatham) spread in Thailand in the 1970s and it has grown so much in recent decades to come into conflict with Buddhism; it is reported that each year 200,000 Thais convert to the religion. Many other people, especially among the Isan ethnic group, practice Tai folk religions. A significant Muslim population, mostly constituted by Thai Malays, is present especially in the southern regions.

 Thailand demographics Population by Immigrants

The Chinese nationality contributes to over 5 million of 10% of the total population of Thailand and almost 35% of the total population of Malaysia. The aim of this paper is to summarize the nature and extent of Chinese influence on Thai and Malay culture. Migration of Chinese to southeast Asia dates back 2000 years; on the Malay peninsula, the first arrivals were in 1349. In Malaysia, arrivals began in the 15th century. The reasons were population pressure, floods, and famines. Social and political unrest also accounted for migration between 1855 and 1970. The Chinese in Malaysia are characterized as having a lower population growth rate than Malays and an abnormal sex ratio of 1000:930 in 1957, but severe ratios of 8 men to 1 woman in the 1820s. Islam forbids intermarriages. The Chinese have benefited from improvement in health care and had a low birth rate of 25/1000 in 1980. Migration has traditionally been from south China, and included migrations from Fujian, Hakkas, Guangdong, Chaozhou, and Hainan. The Chinese have maintained their own culture among the Muslim population. In Thailand, migrations occurred during the 13th century, following the collapse of Nan-Chao in 1253, but are first recorded during the Ming dynasty at the end of the 16th century. There are larger numbers of Chinese in Thailand than Malaysia.

Chinese assimilated and the current rate of annual growth is estimated at 2%. The sex ratio was 1.4:1 in the late 1940s. 50% of the Chinese live in Bangkok and central Thailand. Older traditions are still maintained in Bangkok. There is the Chaozhou opera on Chinese New Year's Day and marriage is still preferred within one's own dialect. After 1946, the Chinese were not permitted to receive their education in their native language. By the third generation, there is greater assimilation. The minority of minorities in Malaysia were the Baba, who spoke better Malay than other Chinese. In Thailand, the comparable minority is the Yunnan who do not belong to any of the Chinese dialect groups. The Yunnan are considered by anthropologist Ann Maxwell Hill as the real Chinese and descendants of traders. Malaysian Chinese reside in rural areas and have taken on more cultural similarities than the primarily urban Thai Chinese.

 Thailand demographics Population by Race

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Thailand is a country of some 70 ethnic groups, including 24 groups of Tai peoples. According to the Royal Thai Government's 2011 Country Report to the UN Committee responsible for the International Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, available from the Department of Rights and Liberties Promotion of the Thai Ministry of Justice,:3 62 ethnic communities are officially recognised in Thailand. Twenty million Central Thai (together with approximately 650,000 Khorat Thai) make up approximately 20,650,000 million (34.1 percent) of the nation's population of 60,544,937 at the time of completion of the Mahidol University Ethnolinguistic Maps of Thailand data (1997).

The 2011 Thailand Country Report provides population numbers for mountain peoples ('hill tribes') and ethnic communities in the Northeast and is explicit about its main reliance on the Mahidol University Ethnolinguistic Maps of Thailand data. Thus, though over 3.288 million people in the Northeast alone could not be categorized, the population and percentages of other ethnic communities circa 1997 are known and constitute minimum populations. In descending order, the largest (equal to or greater than 400,000) are a) 15,080,000 Lao (24.9 percent) consisting of the Thai Lao (14 million) and other smaller Lao groups, namely the Thai Loei (400-500,000), Lao Lom (350,000), Lao Wiang/Klang (200,000), Lao Khrang (90,000), Lao Ngaew (30,000), and Lao Ti (10,000; b) six million Khon Muang (9.9 percent, also called Northern Thais); c) 4.5 million Pak Tai (7.5 percent, also called Southern Thais); d) 1.4 million Khmer Leu (2.3 percent, also called Northern Khmer); e) 900,000 Malay (1.5%); f) 500,000 Ngaw (0.8 percent); g) 470,000 Phu Thai (0.8 percent); h) 400,000 Kuy/Kuay (also known as Suay) (0.7 percent), and i) 350,000 Karen (0.6 percent).:7-13 Khmer and Mon-Khmer make up approximately 6%, the Malays of southern Thailand make up around 3%. Among the groups categorized as hill tribes in the northern provinces, Hmong (Mien), Karen and other small hill tribes make up over 1%.

Thailand Population by City

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